A brief discussion of contemporary names for drinking vessels
Roy Palmer, in his book A Taste of Ale, quotes the following from Thomas Heywood 's (?1574-1641) pamphlet Philocothonista, or The Drunkard, Opened, Dissected, and Anatomized (1635):
Next for the variety of drinking cups, …; divers and sundry sorts we have , some of Elme, some of Box, some of Maple, some of Holly, &c. Mazers, broad-mouth'd dishes, Noggins, Whiskins, Piggins, Cruses, Ale-bowles, Wassell-bowles, Court-dishes, Tankards, Kannes from a Pottle to a Pint, from a Pint to a Gill: other Bottles wee have of Leather, but they are most used among the Shepheards, and harvest people of the Countrey; small Jacks wee have in many Ale-houses of the Citie, and the Suburbs, tipt with silver, beside the great black Jacks, and bombards of the Court, when the French-men first saw, they reported at their returne into their Countrey, that the English-men used to drink out of their Bootes.
Palmer offers the following elucidations in his notes:
- Mazers: bowls of hard wood
- Noggins: small vessels
- Whiskins: shallow vessels
- Piggins: wooden staved vessels, with one stave longer than the rest to serve as a handle
- Cruses: small drinking vessels
- Pottle: two quarts
- Jacks: drinking vessels made of leather and coated outside with pitch or tar
- Bombards: large jacks
I note that the Bible mentions cruses as a measure of expensive oil, thus reinforcing the interpretation as a small measure.